Energy Consumption Between Routing and Bridging Protocol for Eco-Friendly Wireless Networks
Corresponding Author(s) : Rinanza Zulmy Alhamri
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control,
Vol 4, No 3, August 2019
Abstract
The implementation of eco-friendly technology has been become an interesting field for sustainability. No exception with the implementation of wireless technology that used for developing networks infrastructure, it is necessary for saving the usage of energy. As a data forwarding protocol in a computer network, commonly there are two protocols that used for, which are routing and bridging protocol. Technically routing protocol has been confirmed that it is more effective and efficient than bridging protocol. However bridging protocol still becomes the popular protocol for data forwarding because it is easy to use. This research tried to test the energy consumption of the wireless network device that implementing between routing or bridging protocol. The wireless network device that used for this research was MikroTik router RB 433Ah. The data forwarding protocol that was tested consists of bridging, static routing, and RIP routing. Data traffic scenario that used for this research consisted of two scenarios which were HTML data access with packet size 256B and video streaming data access with packet size 1518B. Measuring the energy consumption referred to three parameters which were power consumption, CPU usage, and processor temperature. The result showed that for HTML data access scenario, the RIP routing protocol become the lowest energy consumption with power consumption reached 7.460 W, CPU usage 4.6 %, and processor temperature 38.133^C. While for video streaming scenario, generally the RIP routing protocol still become the lowest energy consumption with power consumption reached 7.567 W, CPU usage 7.33 %, and processor temperature 36.727^C.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- S. Kemp, "Digital in 2017: Global Overview," We Are Social, 24 January 2017. [Online]. Available: https://wearesocial.com/special-reports/digital-in-2017-global-overview. [Accessed 1 April 2019].
- F. Abdi, "Apa itu BTS?," Diskominfo Tabalong, 20 August 2018. [Online]. Available: http://kominfo.tabalongkab.go.id/2018/08/20/apa-itu-bts/. [Accessed 30 Maret 2019].
- H. Pihkola, M. Hongisto, O. Apilo and M. Lasanen, "Evaluating the Energy Consumption of Mobile Data Transfer: From Technology Development to Consumer Behaviour and Life Cycle Thinking," Sustainbility, Vol. 10, No. 2494, Pp. 1-16, 2018.
- K. Saidi, H. Toumi and S. Zaidi, "Impact of Information Communication Technology and Economic Growth on the Electricity Consumption: Empirical Evidence from 67 Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Vol. 8, No. 3, Pp. 789-803, 2015.
- B. Han, D. Wang, W. Ding and L. Han, "Effect of Information and Communication Technology on Energy Consumption in China," Natural Hazards, Vol. 84, No. 1, Pp. 297-315, 2016.
- N. C. Horner, A. Shehabi and I. L. Azevedo, "Known Unknowns: Indirect Energy Effects of Information and Communication Technology," Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, No. 10, Pp. 1-21, 2016.
- C. B. Tunali, "The Effect of Information and Communication Technology on Energy Consumption in the European Union Countries," Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, Vol. 7, No. 5, Pp. 54-60, 2016.
- S. A. Morelli, E. R. Sanchez, S. Sandra and J. Lloret, "Router Power Consumption Analysis: Towards Green Communications," in International Conference on Green Communications and Networking, Gandia, 2012.
- J. Baliga, R. Ayre, K. Hinton and R. S. Tucker, "Energy Consumption in Wired and Wireless Access Networks," in Communications Magazine, 2011.
- H. Wetskog and T. Winther, "Electricity Consumption: Should There Be a Limit? Implications of People’s Attitudes for the Forming of Sustainable Energy Policies," The Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 11, No. 1, Pp. 97-114, 2014.
- Kardono, "Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan: Kriteria, Verifikasi, dan Arah Pengembangan," BPPT, Jakarta, 2010.
- M. Salahuddin and K. Alam, "Information and Communication Technology, Electricity Consumption and economic growth in OECD Countries: A Panel Data Analysis," Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 76, Pp. 185-193, 2015.
- Z. Yan, R. Shui and Z. Yang, "ICT Development and Sustainable Energy Consumption: a Perspective of Energy Productivity," Sustainability, vol. 10, No. 2568, Pp. 1-15, 2018.
- L. M. Feeney and M. Nillson, "Investigating the Energy Consumption of a Wireless Network Interface in a Ad Hoc Networking Envionment," in IEEE INFOCOM, Alaska, 2001.
- J. Ahn and H. S. Park, "Measurement and Modeling the Power Consumption of Router Interface," in 16th ICACT, Pyeongchang, 2014.
- J. T. Yu, "DePaul University," 29 March 2004. [Online]. Available: facweb.cti.depaul.edu/jyu/Publications/Yu-Linux-TSM2004.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
- A. Systems, "Albentia," 1 May 2010. [Online]. Available: www.albentia.com/Docs/WP_EN/ALB-W-000007enA1_BridgingvsRouting.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
- F. S. Dadah, A. Ore-Ofe, A. D. Usman, Y. A. Mshelia and M. O. Babatunde, "An Election Energy Threshold Based Multi-Hop Routing Protocol in a Grid-Clustered Wireless Sensor Network," Kinetik, Vol. 3, No. 4, Pp. 327-336, 2018.
- R. Perlman, "IETF," 19 December 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.ietf.org/slides/slides-edu-routing-bridging-switching-02.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
- S. A. Morelli, E. R. Sanchez and J. L. E. Granell, "Energy Consumption of Wireless Network Access Points," in International Conference on Green Communications and Networking, Gandia, 2012.
- J. Jimenez, O. Romero, J. Lloret and J. Diaz, "Energy Savings Consumption on Public Wireless Networks by SDN Management," Mobile Networks and Applications, Vol. 24, No. 2, Pp. 667-677, 2016.
- D. S. Jacome, A. Rego, S. Sendra and J. Lloret, "Energy Consumption in Software Defined Networks to Provide Service for Mobile Users," in 13th IWCMC, Valencia, 2017.
- wndw, "Wireless Networking in the Developing World," 15 April 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.wndw.net/book.html. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
- J. Ross, The Book of Wireless Second Edition, No Starch Press, 2008.
- T. Carpenter, Certified Wireless Technology Specialist Study Guide, Mc Graw-Hill, 2010.
- M. Travers, "CPU Power Consumption Experiments and Results Analysis of Intel i7-4820K," Newcastle University, Newcastle, 2015.
- A. Telecom, "Ethernet RFC 2544 Explained: In Networking and Telecoms," Albedo Whitepaper, Barcelona, 2013.
References
S. Kemp, "Digital in 2017: Global Overview," We Are Social, 24 January 2017. [Online]. Available: https://wearesocial.com/special-reports/digital-in-2017-global-overview. [Accessed 1 April 2019].
F. Abdi, "Apa itu BTS?," Diskominfo Tabalong, 20 August 2018. [Online]. Available: http://kominfo.tabalongkab.go.id/2018/08/20/apa-itu-bts/. [Accessed 30 Maret 2019].
H. Pihkola, M. Hongisto, O. Apilo and M. Lasanen, "Evaluating the Energy Consumption of Mobile Data Transfer: From Technology Development to Consumer Behaviour and Life Cycle Thinking," Sustainbility, Vol. 10, No. 2494, Pp. 1-16, 2018.
K. Saidi, H. Toumi and S. Zaidi, "Impact of Information Communication Technology and Economic Growth on the Electricity Consumption: Empirical Evidence from 67 Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Vol. 8, No. 3, Pp. 789-803, 2015.
B. Han, D. Wang, W. Ding and L. Han, "Effect of Information and Communication Technology on Energy Consumption in China," Natural Hazards, Vol. 84, No. 1, Pp. 297-315, 2016.
N. C. Horner, A. Shehabi and I. L. Azevedo, "Known Unknowns: Indirect Energy Effects of Information and Communication Technology," Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, No. 10, Pp. 1-21, 2016.
C. B. Tunali, "The Effect of Information and Communication Technology on Energy Consumption in the European Union Countries," Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, Vol. 7, No. 5, Pp. 54-60, 2016.
S. A. Morelli, E. R. Sanchez, S. Sandra and J. Lloret, "Router Power Consumption Analysis: Towards Green Communications," in International Conference on Green Communications and Networking, Gandia, 2012.
J. Baliga, R. Ayre, K. Hinton and R. S. Tucker, "Energy Consumption in Wired and Wireless Access Networks," in Communications Magazine, 2011.
H. Wetskog and T. Winther, "Electricity Consumption: Should There Be a Limit? Implications of People’s Attitudes for the Forming of Sustainable Energy Policies," The Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 11, No. 1, Pp. 97-114, 2014.
Kardono, "Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan: Kriteria, Verifikasi, dan Arah Pengembangan," BPPT, Jakarta, 2010.
M. Salahuddin and K. Alam, "Information and Communication Technology, Electricity Consumption and economic growth in OECD Countries: A Panel Data Analysis," Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 76, Pp. 185-193, 2015.
Z. Yan, R. Shui and Z. Yang, "ICT Development and Sustainable Energy Consumption: a Perspective of Energy Productivity," Sustainability, vol. 10, No. 2568, Pp. 1-15, 2018.
L. M. Feeney and M. Nillson, "Investigating the Energy Consumption of a Wireless Network Interface in a Ad Hoc Networking Envionment," in IEEE INFOCOM, Alaska, 2001.
J. Ahn and H. S. Park, "Measurement and Modeling the Power Consumption of Router Interface," in 16th ICACT, Pyeongchang, 2014.
J. T. Yu, "DePaul University," 29 March 2004. [Online]. Available: facweb.cti.depaul.edu/jyu/Publications/Yu-Linux-TSM2004.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
A. Systems, "Albentia," 1 May 2010. [Online]. Available: www.albentia.com/Docs/WP_EN/ALB-W-000007enA1_BridgingvsRouting.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
F. S. Dadah, A. Ore-Ofe, A. D. Usman, Y. A. Mshelia and M. O. Babatunde, "An Election Energy Threshold Based Multi-Hop Routing Protocol in a Grid-Clustered Wireless Sensor Network," Kinetik, Vol. 3, No. 4, Pp. 327-336, 2018.
R. Perlman, "IETF," 19 December 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.ietf.org/slides/slides-edu-routing-bridging-switching-02.pdf. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
S. A. Morelli, E. R. Sanchez and J. L. E. Granell, "Energy Consumption of Wireless Network Access Points," in International Conference on Green Communications and Networking, Gandia, 2012.
J. Jimenez, O. Romero, J. Lloret and J. Diaz, "Energy Savings Consumption on Public Wireless Networks by SDN Management," Mobile Networks and Applications, Vol. 24, No. 2, Pp. 667-677, 2016.
D. S. Jacome, A. Rego, S. Sendra and J. Lloret, "Energy Consumption in Software Defined Networks to Provide Service for Mobile Users," in 13th IWCMC, Valencia, 2017.
wndw, "Wireless Networking in the Developing World," 15 April 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.wndw.net/book.html. [Accessed 1 March 2019].
J. Ross, The Book of Wireless Second Edition, No Starch Press, 2008.
T. Carpenter, Certified Wireless Technology Specialist Study Guide, Mc Graw-Hill, 2010.
M. Travers, "CPU Power Consumption Experiments and Results Analysis of Intel i7-4820K," Newcastle University, Newcastle, 2015.
A. Telecom, "Ethernet RFC 2544 Explained: In Networking and Telecoms," Albedo Whitepaper, Barcelona, 2013.