Creating a Circular Tower Defense Game: Development and Game Experience Measurement of Orbital Defense X
Corresponding Author(s) : Auzi Asfarian
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control,
Vol 4, No 3, August 2019
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new style of tower defense game by using the circular placement of the tower. In this game, dubbed Orbital Defense X, the player must protect the earth with a circle of defensive tower circled around it. The game is developed using game development lifecycle from initiation phase through alpha version. To test the quality of the developed game, we measure the game experience using game experience questionnaire. The questionnaire is divided into three: core, social presence, and post-game questionnaire. The results show that male participant gains a significantly higher score than female participants. Overall, the game experience is received better by the male participant in the core and social presence components, with an average score of 2,27 vs 1,92 and 2,15 vs 1,86. However, in post-game experience, the female participant scores higher with 2,15 vs 1,95. The participant that previously played another tower defense game gave score more in the core, social presence, and post-game experience than the participant that haven’t played it before. Their score is 1,93 vs 2,37 in core, 1,67 vs 2,39 in social presence, and 2,07 vs 1,91 in post-game experience. The result also suggests for more attention in the challenge regarding the enemies (variety and difficulty) rather than more complex tower management system. The social ranking also suggested by the participant to improve the overall experience of this game.
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- R. Ramadan and Y Widyani. “Game development life cycle guidelines”. In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems (ICACSIS) – Proceeding, Pp. 95-100, 2013.
- W. A. IJsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, and K Poels. The Game Experience Questionnaire. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. 2013.
- C. Heeter, Y. H. Lee, B. Magerko, and B. Medler. “Impacts of forced serious gameplay on vulnerable subgroups,” International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations (IJGCMS), Vol. 3, No. 3, Pp. 34-53, 2011.
- P. Avery, J. Togelius, E. Alistar, and R. P. Van Leeuwen. “Computational intelligence and tower defence games”. In 2011 IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation (CEC) – Proceeding, Pp. 1084-1091, 2011.
- L.C. Leong, G. K. Soon, T. T. Guan, C. K. On, R. Alfred, and P. Anthony. “Self-synthesized controllers for tower defense game using genetic programming,” In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering – Proceedings, Pp. 487-492, 2013.
- A. Hernández-Sabaté, M. Joanpere, N. Gorgorió, and L. Albarracín. “Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a tower defense game,” International Journal of Serious Games, Vol. 2 No. 4, Pp. 57-71, 2015.
- J. Brich, K. Rogers, J. Frommel, M. Weidhaas, A. Bruckner, S. Mirabile, T. Dorn, V. Riemer, C. Schrader, M. Weber. “LiverDefense: using a tower defense game as a customisable research tool,” In 2015 7th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-Games) – Proceedings, Pp. 1-8, 2015.
- E. Bassilious, A. DeChamplain, I. McCabe, M. Stephan, B. Kapralos, F. Mahmud, A. Dubrowski. “Power defense: a video game for improving diabetes numeracy,” In 2011 IEEE International Games Innovation Conference (IGIC) – Proceedings, Pp. 124-125, 2011.
- W. A. IJsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, K. Poels, A. Jurgelionis, and F. Bellotti. “Characterising and measuring user experiences in digital games,” In The International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (ACE 2007) – Proceeding, Pp. 1-4, 2007.
- R. Dubey, P. Agrawal, D. Pathak, T. Griffiths, and A. Efros. “Investigating Human Priors for Playing Video Games,” The 35th International Conference on Machine Learning – Proceeding, Pp. 1349-1357.
References
R. Ramadan and Y Widyani. “Game development life cycle guidelines”. In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems (ICACSIS) – Proceeding, Pp. 95-100, 2013.
W. A. IJsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, and K Poels. The Game Experience Questionnaire. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. 2013.
C. Heeter, Y. H. Lee, B. Magerko, and B. Medler. “Impacts of forced serious gameplay on vulnerable subgroups,” International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations (IJGCMS), Vol. 3, No. 3, Pp. 34-53, 2011.
P. Avery, J. Togelius, E. Alistar, and R. P. Van Leeuwen. “Computational intelligence and tower defence games”. In 2011 IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation (CEC) – Proceeding, Pp. 1084-1091, 2011.
L.C. Leong, G. K. Soon, T. T. Guan, C. K. On, R. Alfred, and P. Anthony. “Self-synthesized controllers for tower defense game using genetic programming,” In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering – Proceedings, Pp. 487-492, 2013.
A. Hernández-Sabaté, M. Joanpere, N. Gorgorió, and L. Albarracín. “Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a tower defense game,” International Journal of Serious Games, Vol. 2 No. 4, Pp. 57-71, 2015.
J. Brich, K. Rogers, J. Frommel, M. Weidhaas, A. Bruckner, S. Mirabile, T. Dorn, V. Riemer, C. Schrader, M. Weber. “LiverDefense: using a tower defense game as a customisable research tool,” In 2015 7th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-Games) – Proceedings, Pp. 1-8, 2015.
E. Bassilious, A. DeChamplain, I. McCabe, M. Stephan, B. Kapralos, F. Mahmud, A. Dubrowski. “Power defense: a video game for improving diabetes numeracy,” In 2011 IEEE International Games Innovation Conference (IGIC) – Proceedings, Pp. 124-125, 2011.
W. A. IJsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, K. Poels, A. Jurgelionis, and F. Bellotti. “Characterising and measuring user experiences in digital games,” In The International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (ACE 2007) – Proceeding, Pp. 1-4, 2007.
R. Dubey, P. Agrawal, D. Pathak, T. Griffiths, and A. Efros. “Investigating Human Priors for Playing Video Games,” The 35th International Conference on Machine Learning – Proceeding, Pp. 1349-1357.