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  3. Vol. 10, No. 4, November 2025 (Article in Progress)
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Vol. 10, No. 4, November 2025 (Article in Progress)

Issue Published : Oct 16, 2025
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Multiobjective MPPT Optimisation for PV System Using QHBM Algorithm in Madura Island

https://doi.org/10.22219/kinetik.v10i4.2337
Agil Zaidan Nugraha
Universitas Negeri Malang
Aripriharta
Universitas Negeri Malang
Anik Nur Handayani
Universitas Negeri Malang

Corresponding Author(s) : Aripriharta

aripriharta.ft@um.ac.id

Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, Vol. 10, No. 4, November 2025 (Article in Progress)
Article Published : Oct 28, 2025

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Abstract

This study proposes the Queen Honey Bee migration algorithm (QHBM) as a multiobjective optimisation technique for Maximum Power Point Monitoring (MPPT) of photovoltaic (PV) systems. This study was conducted on Madura Island, Indonesia, which has a high probability of being exposed to radiation. The research objective is to improve the power efficiency and stability of the photovoltaic system under various conditions. This method optimises power conversion efficiency and improves the quality of system performance. This is different from conventional MPPT methods that only prioritise output power. The QHBM algorithm was tested for 30 days with real irradiation data. The photovoltaic system consists of a 2 series × 3 parallel configuration solar panel array combined with a 2200 Hz frequency DC-DC boost converter. The results show stable convergence for 50 iterations, and the ideal duty cycle is about 0.8949. The total energy of 448,256.01 Wh was generated every day with an average of 14,941.87 Wh. In addition, QHBM has the ability to reduce electrical interference, reduce component load, and ensure the system runs consistently. The visualisation of particle distribution shows that the solution space search and convergence to the global best point are successful. Therefore, QHBM is considered a reliable and dependable MPPT strategy, especially for photovoltaic systems located in remote areas or islands. This research concludes that QHBM is able to improve the reliability and efficiency of PV systems, as well as support the development of renewable energy for distributed and off-grid applications.

Keywords

Madura MPPT PV system Optimisation QHBM Algorithm
Nugraha, A. Z. ., Aripriharta, & Handayani, A. N. . (2025). Multiobjective MPPT Optimisation for PV System Using QHBM Algorithm in Madura Island. Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.22219/kinetik.v10i4.2337
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References
  1. I. S. Millah, P. C. Chang, D. F. Teshome, R. K. Subroto, K. L. Lian, and J. F. Lin, “An Enhanced Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Under Partial Shading Conditions,” IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, vol. 3, pp. 392–408, 2022, doi: 10.1109/OJIES.2022.3179284.
  2. A. W. Ibrahim et al., “PV maximum power-point tracking using modified particle swarm optimization under partial shading conditions,” Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 106–121, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2020.000035.
  3. * M Latif, R. Universitas, and T. Madura, “PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA BAGI KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT PULAU GILI RAJA,” vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/pangabdhi
  4. N. Amir, M. Efendy, S. Akhmad, F. M. Wahyu, and R. Firman Surya Putra, “Optimalisasi Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan untuk Desa Mandiri Energi dan Ramah Lingkungan,” Rekayasa, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 42–48, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.21107/rekayasa.v16i1.19119.
  5. A. Ballaji, R. Dash, V. Subburaj, J. R. Kalvakurthi, D. Swain, and S. C. Swain, “Design & Development of MPPT Using PSO with Predefined Search Space Based on Fuzzy Fokker Planck Solution,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 80764–80783, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3195036.
  6. S. Z. Xu and Y. M. Zhong, “NSNPSO-INC: A Simplified Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Photovoltaic MPPT Combining Natural Selection and Conductivity Incremental Approach,” IEEE Access, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3463736.
  7. B. Adineh, M. R. Habibi, A. N. Akpolat, and F. Blaabjerg, “Sensorless Voltage Estimation for Total Harmonic Distortion Calculation Using Artificial Neural Networks in Microgrids,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 2583–2587, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2021.3059410.
  8. S. K. Prince, S. Affijulla, and G. Panda, “Total Harmonic Distortion based Fault Detection in Islanded DC Microgrid,” in 2020 3rd International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Clean Energy Technologies, 2021, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICEPE50861.2021.9404407.
  9. A. Arranz-Gimon, A. Zorita-Lamadrid, D. Morinigo-Sotelo, and O. Duque-Perez, “A review of total harmonic distortion factors for the measurement of harmonic and interharmonic pollution in modern power systems,” Oct. 02, 2021, MDPI. doi: 10.3390/en14206467.
  10. D. Lestari, A. N. Handayani, and N. M. Dwijayanti, “Frontier Energy System and Power Engineering Buck Converter Output Voltage Control System Using Proportional Integral Differential Method on Solar Cell Battery Charging,” vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 35–41, 2022, doi: 10.17977/um048v4i2p35-41.
  11. J. Purba, A. S. Uyun, D. Sugiyanto, and M. I. Ramdhan, “PERANCANGAN PROTOTIPE ALAT PEMBERSIH PANEL SURYA DENGAN SISTEM GERAK OTOMASI,” vol. 7, 2022.
  12. Aripriharta, A. Firly Aprilia Putri, S. Omar, and M. Wahyu Prasetyo, “Multiple Range of Output Converter for Hazard Sensors with PV System,” in E3S Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Jan. 2024. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202447301003.
  13. J. Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, S. Wongso Susilo, I. Faidzin, M. Sholihul Hadi, S. Zubaidah, and M. Yazid, “ABDI DOSEN INCREASING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION USING DC PV PUMP FOR MULYOARJO LAWANG ASSISTED VILLAGE.” [Online]. Available: http://pkm.uika-bogor.ac.id/index.php/ABDIDOS/issue/archive
  14. A. Aripriharta, M. Y. Fazi, M. C. Bagaskoro, and R. N. Nikmah, “Pengembangan Prototipe PLTPH Untuk Efisiensi Energi Penerangan Jalan Di Desa Ngisong Kota Batu,” JTEIN: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesia, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 321–330, 2024.
  15. J. Kajian and T. Elektro, “RANCANG BANGUN PLTS ON-GRID SEBAGAI PENUNJANG KELISTRIKAN SKALA RUMAH TANGGA,” vol. 9, no. 2, 2024.
  16. M. R. W. Kusuma, E. Apriakar, and Djuniadi, “Rancang Bangun Sistem Pembersih Otomatis Pada Solar Panel Menggunakan Wiper Berbasis Mikrokontroler,” vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 23–32, Apr. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.31358/techne.v19i01.220.
  17. A. Aska, R. Suppa, and M. Muhallim, “RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MONITORING DAYA LISTRIK BERBASIS IoT,” Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, vol. 13, no. 2, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.23960/jitet.v13i2.6160.
  18. M. D. Haq et al., “Perancangan Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Pada Panel Surya Dengan Kondisi Partial Shading Menggunakan Differential Evolution,” 2021.
  19. Y. Zhao, A. An, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, and M. Wang, “Model predictive control of grid-connected PV power generation system considering optimal MPPT control of PV modules,” Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems, vol. 6, no. 1, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1186/s41601-021-00210-1.
  20. M. Ula, A. Rahmadani, and P. Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, “Rancang Bangun Maximum Power Point Tracking pada Panel Surya dengan Metode Incremental Conductance Menggunakan Zeta Konverter.”
  21. B. Ghania, O. Amar, and M. Hichem, “Etude and Optimization of MPPT Controllers in Photovoltaic Systems with Battery Energy Storage,” The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 12–19, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.2478/sbeef-2023-0015.
  22. W. Jinpeng, Y. Qinxue, Z. Bo, Jeremy-Gillbanks, and Z. Xin, “Study on MPPT Algorithm Based on an Efficient Hybrid Conjugate Gradient Method in a Photovoltaic System,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 4219–4227, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233826.
  23. A. Aripriharta et al., “COMPARISON OF QUEEN HONEY BEE COLONY MIGRATION WITH VARIOUS MPPTS ON PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM UNDER SHADED CONDITIONS,” EUREKA, Physics and Engineering, vol. 2023, no. 4, pp. 52–62, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002836.
  24. Aripriharta et al., “Queen honey bee migration (QHBM) optimization for droop control on DC microgrid under load variation,” Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 12–22, 2024, doi: 10.55981/j.mev.2024.742.
  25. A. Aripriharta, E. Asnarindra, A. D. Nibrosoma, L. Gumilar, and M. A. Habibi, “PELACAKAN DAYA MAKSIMUM PHOTOVOLTAIC DALAM KEADAAN TRANSISI BERBAYANG MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA MPPT QUEEN HONEY BEE MIGRATION (QHBM),” Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 85–94, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.14710/transmisi.25.3.85-94.
  26. A. Aripriharta et al., “The Performance of a New Heuristic Approach for Tracking Maximum Power of PV Systems,” Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, vol. 2022, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/1996410.
  27. G.-J. Jong, Aripriharta, Hendrick, and G.-J. Horng, “A novel queen honey bee migration (QHBM) algorithm for sink repositioning in wireless sensor network,” Wirel Pers Commun, vol. 95, pp. 3209–3232, 2017.
  28. A. N. Handayani, S. Amaliya, M. I. Akbar, M. Z. Wiryawan, Y. W. Liang, and W. C. Kurniawan, “Hand Keypoint-Based CNN for SIBI Sign Language Recognition,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 813–829, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.31763/ijrcs.v5i2.1745.
  29. A. N. Handayani, T. Andriyanto, D. F. Azizah, M. Z. Wiryawan, and H. A. Rosyid, “Comparison of ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-B0 Method for Classification of Indonesian Sign Language System (SIBI) Using Multi Background Dataset,” in 2024 International Conference on Computer Engineering, Network, and Intelligent Multimedia (CENIM), 2024, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/CENIM64038.2024.10882836.
  30. A. N. Handayani, F. A. Pusparani, D. Lestari, I. M. Wirawan, A. P. Wibawa, and O. Fukuda, “Real-Time Obstacle Detection for Unmanned Surface Vehicle Maneuver,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 765–779, 2023, doi: 10.31763/ijrcs.v3i4.1147.
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References


I. S. Millah, P. C. Chang, D. F. Teshome, R. K. Subroto, K. L. Lian, and J. F. Lin, “An Enhanced Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Under Partial Shading Conditions,” IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, vol. 3, pp. 392–408, 2022, doi: 10.1109/OJIES.2022.3179284.

A. W. Ibrahim et al., “PV maximum power-point tracking using modified particle swarm optimization under partial shading conditions,” Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 106–121, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2020.000035.

* M Latif, R. Universitas, and T. Madura, “PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA BAGI KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT PULAU GILI RAJA,” vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/pangabdhi

N. Amir, M. Efendy, S. Akhmad, F. M. Wahyu, and R. Firman Surya Putra, “Optimalisasi Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan untuk Desa Mandiri Energi dan Ramah Lingkungan,” Rekayasa, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 42–48, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.21107/rekayasa.v16i1.19119.

A. Ballaji, R. Dash, V. Subburaj, J. R. Kalvakurthi, D. Swain, and S. C. Swain, “Design & Development of MPPT Using PSO with Predefined Search Space Based on Fuzzy Fokker Planck Solution,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 80764–80783, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3195036.

S. Z. Xu and Y. M. Zhong, “NSNPSO-INC: A Simplified Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Photovoltaic MPPT Combining Natural Selection and Conductivity Incremental Approach,” IEEE Access, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3463736.

B. Adineh, M. R. Habibi, A. N. Akpolat, and F. Blaabjerg, “Sensorless Voltage Estimation for Total Harmonic Distortion Calculation Using Artificial Neural Networks in Microgrids,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 2583–2587, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2021.3059410.

S. K. Prince, S. Affijulla, and G. Panda, “Total Harmonic Distortion based Fault Detection in Islanded DC Microgrid,” in 2020 3rd International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Clean Energy Technologies, 2021, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICEPE50861.2021.9404407.

A. Arranz-Gimon, A. Zorita-Lamadrid, D. Morinigo-Sotelo, and O. Duque-Perez, “A review of total harmonic distortion factors for the measurement of harmonic and interharmonic pollution in modern power systems,” Oct. 02, 2021, MDPI. doi: 10.3390/en14206467.

D. Lestari, A. N. Handayani, and N. M. Dwijayanti, “Frontier Energy System and Power Engineering Buck Converter Output Voltage Control System Using Proportional Integral Differential Method on Solar Cell Battery Charging,” vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 35–41, 2022, doi: 10.17977/um048v4i2p35-41.

J. Purba, A. S. Uyun, D. Sugiyanto, and M. I. Ramdhan, “PERANCANGAN PROTOTIPE ALAT PEMBERSIH PANEL SURYA DENGAN SISTEM GERAK OTOMASI,” vol. 7, 2022.

Aripriharta, A. Firly Aprilia Putri, S. Omar, and M. Wahyu Prasetyo, “Multiple Range of Output Converter for Hazard Sensors with PV System,” in E3S Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Jan. 2024. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202447301003.

J. Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, S. Wongso Susilo, I. Faidzin, M. Sholihul Hadi, S. Zubaidah, and M. Yazid, “ABDI DOSEN INCREASING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION USING DC PV PUMP FOR MULYOARJO LAWANG ASSISTED VILLAGE.” [Online]. Available: http://pkm.uika-bogor.ac.id/index.php/ABDIDOS/issue/archive

A. Aripriharta, M. Y. Fazi, M. C. Bagaskoro, and R. N. Nikmah, “Pengembangan Prototipe PLTPH Untuk Efisiensi Energi Penerangan Jalan Di Desa Ngisong Kota Batu,” JTEIN: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesia, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 321–330, 2024.

J. Kajian and T. Elektro, “RANCANG BANGUN PLTS ON-GRID SEBAGAI PENUNJANG KELISTRIKAN SKALA RUMAH TANGGA,” vol. 9, no. 2, 2024.

M. R. W. Kusuma, E. Apriakar, and Djuniadi, “Rancang Bangun Sistem Pembersih Otomatis Pada Solar Panel Menggunakan Wiper Berbasis Mikrokontroler,” vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 23–32, Apr. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.31358/techne.v19i01.220.

A. Aska, R. Suppa, and M. Muhallim, “RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MONITORING DAYA LISTRIK BERBASIS IoT,” Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, vol. 13, no. 2, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.23960/jitet.v13i2.6160.

M. D. Haq et al., “Perancangan Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Pada Panel Surya Dengan Kondisi Partial Shading Menggunakan Differential Evolution,” 2021.

Y. Zhao, A. An, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, and M. Wang, “Model predictive control of grid-connected PV power generation system considering optimal MPPT control of PV modules,” Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems, vol. 6, no. 1, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1186/s41601-021-00210-1.

M. Ula, A. Rahmadani, and P. Elektronika Negeri Surabaya, “Rancang Bangun Maximum Power Point Tracking pada Panel Surya dengan Metode Incremental Conductance Menggunakan Zeta Konverter.”

B. Ghania, O. Amar, and M. Hichem, “Etude and Optimization of MPPT Controllers in Photovoltaic Systems with Battery Energy Storage,” The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 12–19, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.2478/sbeef-2023-0015.

W. Jinpeng, Y. Qinxue, Z. Bo, Jeremy-Gillbanks, and Z. Xin, “Study on MPPT Algorithm Based on an Efficient Hybrid Conjugate Gradient Method in a Photovoltaic System,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 4219–4227, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233826.

A. Aripriharta et al., “COMPARISON OF QUEEN HONEY BEE COLONY MIGRATION WITH VARIOUS MPPTS ON PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM UNDER SHADED CONDITIONS,” EUREKA, Physics and Engineering, vol. 2023, no. 4, pp. 52–62, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002836.

Aripriharta et al., “Queen honey bee migration (QHBM) optimization for droop control on DC microgrid under load variation,” Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 12–22, 2024, doi: 10.55981/j.mev.2024.742.

A. Aripriharta, E. Asnarindra, A. D. Nibrosoma, L. Gumilar, and M. A. Habibi, “PELACAKAN DAYA MAKSIMUM PHOTOVOLTAIC DALAM KEADAAN TRANSISI BERBAYANG MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA MPPT QUEEN HONEY BEE MIGRATION (QHBM),” Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 85–94, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.14710/transmisi.25.3.85-94.

A. Aripriharta et al., “The Performance of a New Heuristic Approach for Tracking Maximum Power of PV Systems,” Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, vol. 2022, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/1996410.

G.-J. Jong, Aripriharta, Hendrick, and G.-J. Horng, “A novel queen honey bee migration (QHBM) algorithm for sink repositioning in wireless sensor network,” Wirel Pers Commun, vol. 95, pp. 3209–3232, 2017.

A. N. Handayani, S. Amaliya, M. I. Akbar, M. Z. Wiryawan, Y. W. Liang, and W. C. Kurniawan, “Hand Keypoint-Based CNN for SIBI Sign Language Recognition,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 813–829, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.31763/ijrcs.v5i2.1745.

A. N. Handayani, T. Andriyanto, D. F. Azizah, M. Z. Wiryawan, and H. A. Rosyid, “Comparison of ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-B0 Method for Classification of Indonesian Sign Language System (SIBI) Using Multi Background Dataset,” in 2024 International Conference on Computer Engineering, Network, and Intelligent Multimedia (CENIM), 2024, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/CENIM64038.2024.10882836.

A. N. Handayani, F. A. Pusparani, D. Lestari, I. M. Wirawan, A. P. Wibawa, and O. Fukuda, “Real-Time Obstacle Detection for Unmanned Surface Vehicle Maneuver,” International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 765–779, 2023, doi: 10.31763/ijrcs.v3i4.1147.

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