Issue

Vol. 10, No. 1, February 2025

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Power Quality Improvement in Micro Hydro Power Plant Based-ELC and VSI using Fuzzy-PI Controller

https://doi.org/10.22219/kinetik.v10i1.1913
Ilham Pakaya
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Zulfatman
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Amrul Faruq
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Muhammad Irfan
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Corresponding Author(s) : Zulfatman

zulfatman@umm.ac.id

Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, Vol. 10, No. 1, February 2025

Abstract

The stability of frequency and voltage in micro hydro power plants (MHPP) depends on the ability to maintain balance between active and reactive power while managing load variations. Active power is typically regulated by an Electronic Load Controller (ELC), while reactive power is managed by a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), with the VSI specifically compensating for reactive power induced by inductive loads. This study aims to enhance the control of active and reactive power in an MHPP system under varying load conditions by improving the ELC and VSI using Fuzzy-PI controller. The Fuzzy-PI controller applied in the ELC ensures a more precise TRIAC firing angle, enabling accurate control of the ballast load to balance the active power. Similarly, Fuzzy-PI controller applied in the VSI provides precise reactive power compensation to counteract inductive load effects. The performance of the proposed Fuzzy-PI-based ELC and VSI was evaluated using a complete MHPP model simulated in Matlab. Results demonstrated that the improved ELC and VSI effectively enhanced the system performance. Specifically, the Fuzzy-PI controller enabled the ELC to achieve accurate active power balance, while the VSI delivered suitable reactive power compensation. Consequently, the system achieved improved frequency and voltage stability under load variations, leading to enhanced power quality in the MHPP.

Keywords

Micro Hydro Fuzzy-PI VSI ELC Power Quality
Pakaya, I., Zulfatman, Faruq, A., & Irfan, M. (2025). Power Quality Improvement in Micro Hydro Power Plant Based-ELC and VSI using Fuzzy-PI Controller. Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.22219/kinetik.v10i1.1913
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. L. Timur, F. Hindarti, and R. Indrawati, “Feasibility Study of Micro Hydro Power Plant Capacity in BLUMBANG Banjararum Kalibawang Kulonprogo,” ASEAN Journal of System Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 2, Pp. 44-50, 2020. https://doi.org/10.22146/ajse.v4i2.62641
  2. S. S. Thale; R. G. Wandhare; and V. Agarwal, “A Novel Reconfigurable Microgrid Architecture With Renewable Energy Sources and Storage,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,” Vol. 51 No. 2, Pp. 1805 – 1816, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2014.2350083
  3. L. Belhadji, S. Bacha; I. Munteanu, and A. Rumeau, “Daniel Roye, Adaptive MPPT Applied to Variable-Speed Microhydropower Plant,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 28, No. 1, Pp. 34-43, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2012.2220776
  4. Suhas Vilas Kamble and S. M. Akolkar, “Load Frequency Control of Micro Hydro Power Plant using Fuzzy Logic Controller,” in Proc. of 2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI), 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPCSI.2017.8392021
  5. D. Unger, L. Spitalny, and J.M.A. Myrzik, “Voltage Control by Small Hydro Power Plants Integrated into a Virtual Power Plant,” in Proc. of 2012 IEEE Energytech, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/EnergyTech.2012.6304637
  6. B. Singh, S.S. Murthy, and S. Gupta, “Analysis and Design of Electronic Load Controller for Self-excited Induction Generators,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 21 (1), pp. 285-293, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2005.847950
  7. Netra Pd. Gyawali, “Universal Electronic Load Controller for Microhydro Power Plant,” in Proc. of 2016 12th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA), 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCA.2016.7505291
  8. B.N. Roodsari, E.P. Nowicki, “Analysis and Experimental Investigation of the Improved Distributed Electronic Load Controller,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 33, No. 3, Pp. 905 – 914, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2018.2823334
  9. A. Mashar and D. Sodiq, “Analisis Harmonisa Electronic Load Controller (ELC) pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH),” Poli-Teknologi, 2011, Pp. 157-163. https://doi.org/10.32722/pt.v10i2.6
  10. R. Dhanalakshmi and S. Palaniswami, “Load Frequency Control of Wind Diesel-Hydro Hybrid Power System using Conventional PI Controller,” European Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 60, No. 4, Pp. 630 – 641, 2011.
  11. A. T. Hammid, M. Hojabri, M. H. Sulaiman, A. N. Abdalla, A. A. Kadhim, “Load Frequency Control for Hydropower Plants using PID Controller,” Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Vol. 8 No. 10, Pp. 47-51, 2016.
  12. S. Karmakar and S.N Mahato, Artificial Neural Network-Based Electronic Load Controller for Self-Excited Induction Generator, TTIC, Vol.3, Pp. 5-9, 2019.
  13. A. Hafid, Rahmania, A. Faharudin, and Adriani, “Simulasi Pengendali Beban Elektronik Berbasis Logika Fuzzy untuk PLTMH Daya Rendah,“ Cyclotron, Vol. 4 No. 1, Pp. 31-36, 2021.
  14. E. Mishra and S. Tiwari, “Comparative Analysis of Fuzzy Logic and PI Controller Based Electronic Load Controller for Self-Excited Induction Generator,” Advances in Electrical Engineering, Vol. 2017, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5620830
  15. M. Irfan, M. Effendy, N. Alif, L. Syafaah, I. Pakaya, A. Faruq, “Performance Comparison of Fuzzy Logic and Proportional-Integral for an Electronic Load Controller,” International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, Vol. 8, No. 3, Pp. 1176 – 1183, 2017. http://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i3.pp1176-1183
  16. R.A. Ofosu, K.K. Kaberere, J.N. Nderu, S.I. Kamau, “Design of BFA-optimized Fuzzy Electronic Load Controller for Micro Hydro Power Plants, Energy for Sustainable Development,” Vol. 51, pp 13-20, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2019.04.003
  17. N. Ihsan, M. U. Firdaus, Subiyanto, E. Apriaskar, A. Nugroho, E. D. Udayanti, and D.A. Widodo, “Electronic Load Controller based on Modified Firefly Algorithm to Reduce Frequency Fluctuation of Generator in Micro Hydro Power Plants,” International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, Pp. 601-611, 2023. https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v13i2.13570.g8729
  18. Robert Agyare Ofosu, E. Normanyo, K. K. Kaberere, S. I. Kamau, E. K. Otu, “Design of an Electronic Load Controller for Micro Hydro Power Plant Using Fuzzy-PI Controller,” Cogent Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 1, Pp. 1-20, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2022.2057115
  19. Z. Has, A. Z. Rosyidi, I. Pakaya, N. A. Mardiyah, N. Nurhadi, M. Effendy, “Integrated Frequency Control of Microhydro Power Plant Based Flow Valve Control and Electronic Load Controller,” in Proc. of 2018 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC), May 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/SPC.2018.8704153
  20. R. A. Mastromauro, M. Liserre, T. Kerekes, and A. Dell'Aquila, “A single-phase voltage-controlled grid-connected photovoltaic system with power quality conditioner functionality,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 4436–4444, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.2004383
  21. H.S. Khan and A.Y. Memon, “Active and Reactive Power Control of the Voltage Source Inverter in an AC Microgrid,” Sustainability, Vol. 15, 1621, Pp. 1-19, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021621
  22. S. Pradeepa; Ravishankar Deekshit; K. Uma Rao; M. S. Shantha, “State-Feedback Control of a Voltage Source Inverter-based STATCOM,” in Proc of 2013 International Conference on Power, Energy and Control (ICPEC), 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPEC.2013.6527635
  23. A Cherifi; A Chouder; A Kessal; A Hadjkaddour; A Aillane; K Louassaa, “Control of a Voltage Source Inverter in a Microgrid Architecture using PI and PR Controllers,” in Proc. of 2022 19th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD54932.2022.9955891
  24. I. Andrade, R. Pena, R. Blasco-Gimenez, J. Riedemann, W. Jara, and C. Perce, “An Active/Reactive Power Control Strategy for Renewable Generation Systems,” Electronics, Vo. 10, No. 9, Pp. 1-19, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091061
  25. Voltage and Current Control Augmentation of Islanded Microgrid using Multifunction Model Reference Modified Adaptive PID Controller,” Int. Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 113, Pp. 492-501, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.05.065
  26. S. Ahmad, S. Mekhilef, H. Mokhlis, M. Karimi, A. Pourdaryaei, T. Ahmed, U.K. Jhuma, and S. Afzal, “Fuzzy Logic-Based Direct Power Control Method for PV Inverter of Grid-Tied AC Microgrid without Phase-Locked Loop,” Electronics 2021, Vol. 10, 3095, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243095
  27. J. Kaushal and P. Basak, “Power Quality Control Based on Voltage Sag/Swell, Unbalancing, Frequency, THD and Power Factor using Artificial Neural Network in PV Integrated AC Microgrid.” Sustain. Energy Grids Netw. Vol. 23, 100365, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2020.100365
  28. M. G. Yenealem, L. M. H. Ngoo, D. Shiferaw, and P. Hinga, "Management of Voltage Profile and Power Loss Minimization in a Grid-Connected Microgrid System Using Fuzzy-Based STATCOM Controller", Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 2020, Pp. 1-13, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2040139
  29. N. Kumar; A. Shahzad Siddiqui; R. Singh, “A Single-Phase Grid Connected PV System with Cascaded Fuzzy Controlled Boost Converter,” in Proc. of 2023 International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical, Electronics & Digital Healthcare Technologies (REEDCON), 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/REEDCON57544.2023.10150641
  30. H. Shi, J. Zhang, J. Zhou, Y. Li, and Z. Jiang, “A Novel H∞ Robust Control Strategy for Voltage Source Inverter in Microgrid,” Front. Energy Res. Vol. 9, 731432, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2021.731432
  31. H.S. Khan and A.Y. Memon, “Robust Output Feedback Control of the Voltage Source Inverter in an AC Microgrid,” Energies, Vol. 15, 5586, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155586
Read More
Author biographies is not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 12 Download : 0

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.