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Accessibility Analysis of Websites of Provincial Governments in Indonesia
Corresponding Author(s) : Gita Indah Marthasari
Kinetik: Game Technology, Information System, Computer Network, Computing, Electronics, and Control,
Vol. 7, No. 1, February 2022
Abstract
Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can use, navigate, and interact with the website. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has provided important guidelines on web accessibility known as the Web Content Accessible Guidelines (WCAG). The Indonesian government encourages the use of new media, namely website, via Presidential Instruction number 3 of 2003 concerning the National Policy and Strategy for e-government development, which mandates every government agency to build a website. In the previous study, the tools used had limitations and were unable to complete the websites evaluation. Therefore, in this study, WCAG 2.0 standard was applied to analyze the websites of provincial governments in Indonesia. Two accessibility evaluation tools were employed, namely TAW and aXe. In addition, for data analysis and interpretation, descriptive statistics and normality tests were applied. The results showed that the most common violation was found in perceivable principle. It was expected that the findings of this study could provide insight and recommendation for web developers working on provincial government website in Indonesia.
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- A. F. Azmi and I. Budi, “Exploring practices and engagement of Instagram by Indonesia Government Ministries,” Proc. 2018 10th Int. Conf. Inf. Technol. Electr. Eng. Smart Technol. Better Soc. ICITEE 2018, pp. 18–21, 2018.
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References
A. F. Azmi and I. Budi, “Exploring practices and engagement of Instagram by Indonesia Government Ministries,” Proc. 2018 10th Int. Conf. Inf. Technol. Electr. Eng. Smart Technol. Better Soc. ICITEE 2018, pp. 18–21, 2018.
Suhardi, A. Sofia, and A. Andriyanto, “Evaluating e-government and good governance correlation,” J. ICT Res. Appl., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 236–262, 2015.
UTAMA, AA Gde Satia. The implementation of e-government in Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 2020, 9.7: 190-196.
Sohaib, Osama, and Kyeong Kang. "E-commerce web accessibility for people with disabilities." In Complexity in Information Systems Development, pp. 87-100. Springer, Cham, 2017.
K. Wille and C. Wille, “Measuring the Accessability Based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines,” pp. 164–169, 2016.
I. G. Bagus, N. Eka, S. S. Wijaya, and M. A. Ayu, “Evaluating the Accessibility of Province s ’ E-Government Websites in Indonesia.”
Y. AkgÜL and K. Vatansever, “Web Accessibility Evaluation of Government Websites for People with Disabilities in Turkey,” J. Adv. Manag. Sci., no. January, pp. 201–210, 2016.
W. C. W. D. March, B. Caldwell, R. Trace, W. Chisholm, and G. Vanderheiden, “Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2 . 0,” no. March, pp. 1–51, 2004.
A. Ahmi and R. Mohamad, “Web Accessibility of the Malaysian Public University Websites,” Proc. Int. Conf. E-Commerce 2015, no. December, pp. 172–177, 2015.
W. A. R. W. M. Isa, A. I. H. Suhaimi, N. Ariffrn, N. F. Ishak, and N. M. Ralim, “Accessibility evaluation using Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0,” Proc. - 2016 4th Int. Conf. User Sci. Eng. i-USEr 2016, no. April 2014, pp. 1–4, 2017.
M. Ahmed, Z. Yan, and M. Hasan, “Accessibility Analysis of Bangladesh Government Websites Based on WCAG 2 . 0,” no. March, 2020.
M. B. Al Mourad, M. Hussein, F. Kamoun, and Z. Wattar, “Analysis of WCAG 2.0 data accessibility success criterion of e-government websites,” Period. Eng. Nat. Sci., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 496–503, 2019.
S. Dongaonkar, R. Vadali, and C. Dhutadmal, “Content Accessibility Evaluation of Government Website using WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines),” Proc. Second Int. Conf. Res. Intell. Comput. Eng., vol. 10, pp. 27–31, 2017.
S. Paul and S. Das, “Accessibility and usability analysis of Indian e-government websites,” Univers. Access Inf. Soc., vol. 0, no. 0123456789, pp. 14–17, 2019.
H. S. Al-Khalifa, “The accessibility of Saudi Arabia government Web sites: An exploratory study,” Univers. Access Inf. Soc., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 201–210, 2012.
A. Al-Faries, H. S. Al-Khalifa, M. S. Al-Razgan, and M. Al-Duwais, “Evaluating the accessibility and usability of top saudi egovernment services,” ACM Int. Conf. Proceeding Ser., pp. 60–63, 2013.
Y. Akgül, “The accessibility, usability, quality and readability of Turkish state and local government websites an exploratory study,” Int. J. Electron. Gov. Res., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 62–81, 2019.
R. Ismailova, “Web site accessibility, usability and security: a survey of government web sites in Kyrgyz Republic,” Univers. Access Inf. Soc., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 257–264, 2017.
A. Ahmi and R. Mohamad, “Evaluating accessibility of Malaysian ministries websites using WCAG 2.0 and Section 508 Guideline,” J. Telecommun. Electron. Comput. Eng., vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 177–183, 2016.
S. Luján-Mora, R. Navarrete, and M. Peñafiel, “Egovernment and web accessibility in South America,” 2014 1st Int. Conf. eDemocracy eGovernment, ICEDEG 2014, pp. 77–82, 2014.
W. Arasid et al., “An Analysis of Website Accessibility in Higher Education in Indonesia Based on WCAG 2.0 Guidelines,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 306, no. 1, pp. 0–8, 2018.
P. Acosta-Vargas, S. Lujan-Mora, and L. Salvador-Ullauri, “Evaluation of the web accessibility of higher-education websites,” 2016 15th Int. Conf. Inf. Technol. Based High. Educ. Training, ITHET 2016, 2016.
P. Windriyani, R. Ferdiana, and W. Najib, “Accessibility evaluation using WCAG 2.0 guidelines webometrics based assessment criteria (case study: Sebelas Maret University),” Proc. - 2014 Int. Conf. ICT Smart Soc. “Smart Syst. Platf. Dev. City Soc. GoeSmart 2014”, ICISS 2014, pp. 305–311, 2014.
I. Wahbi, H. A., I. M., and M. N., “Evaluating Web Accessibility Metrics for Jordanian Universities,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 113–122, 2016.
C. Máñez-Carvajal, J. F. Cervera-Mérida, and R. Fernández-Piqueras, “Web accessibility evaluation of top-ranking university Web sites in Spain, Chile and Mexico,” Univers. Access Inf. Soc., no. 0123456789, pp. 1–6, 2019.
H. Khan, M. Iqbal, and N. S. Bawan, “Web Accessibility Evaluation of News Websites Using WCAG 2.0,” Res. J. Recent Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, 2014.
A. Ismail and K. S. Kuppusamy, “Web accessibility investigation and identification of major issues of higher education websites with statistical measures: A case study of college websites,” J. King Saud Univ. - Comput. Inf. Sci., no. xxxx, 2019.
M. Vigo and J. Brown, “Benchmarking Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools : Measuring the Harm of Sole Reliance on Automated Tests Categories and Subject Descriptors.”
N. Nurdin, R. Stockdale, and H. Scheepers, “Benchmarking indonesian local E-government,” Proc. - Pacific Asia Conf. Inf. Syst. PACIS 2012, no. March 2020, 2012.